Power-operated radial sawing machine



March 25, 1952 E. J. os'rEm-lus 2,590,119

POWER-OPERATED RADIAL SAWING MACHINE F iled Feb. 9, 1948 ll Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. f lV/Ii (I 05/6 r/ws ATTORNEY March 25, 1952 E, J, OSTERH S 2,590,119

POWER-OPERATED RAD IAL SAWING MACHINE Filed Feb. 9, 1948 11 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. fry/H cl OSfer/n/S FI 2 BY ATTORNEY March 25, 1952 E, J, QSTERHUS 2,590,119

POWER-OPERATED RADIAL SAWING MACHINE Filed Feb. 9, 1948 i1 Sheets-Sheet 4 10 is? 97 i: i 153" Q 98 x FIG. 8

. iNVENTOR. L. 139 1 40- fry/x7 Caferh/S 0 ATTORNEY March 25, 1952 E. J. OSTERHUS 2,590,119

POWER-OPERATED RADIAL SAWING MACHINE Filed Feb. 9, 19

ll Sheets-Sheet 5 IN V EN TOR.

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A TTOH'NEY March 25, 1952 E. J. OSTERHUS 2,590,119

POWER-OPERATED RADIAL SAWING MACHINE Filed Feb. 9, 1948 ll Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR.

,1: rr/b 05/6/61/5 ATTORNEY 11 Sheets-Sheet 7 March 25, 1952 E. J. QSTERHUS POWER-OPERATED RADIAL SAWING MACHINE Filed Feb. 9, 1948 March 25, 1952 QSTERHUS 2,590,119

POWER-OPERATED RADIAL SAWING MACHINE Filed Feb. 9, 1948 11 Sheets-Sheet 8 IN V EN TOR.

A TTOFNE.

March 25, 1952 E. J. OSTERHUS POWER-OPERATED RADIAL SAWING MACHINE 11 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed Feb. 9, 1948 s Rm .iIlJil).

IN V EN TOR.

ATTO FPZVE'Y I1 I l l I lllllll II IIIIII I ||l|li|llll r l I l I I l I II II IIIIIIIIIIIII.Illllllllll i:iillhwfi- {p.mlm-. L.

l I i l l I I I l l I I l l l I l I I I l l I I I l I l I l I I ll E. J. OSTERHUS.

POWER-OPERATED RADIAL SAWING MACHINE March 25, 1952 ll Sheets-Sheet 11 Filed Feb. 9, 1948 INVENTOR. 5/7/17 CZ 05/erfid5 HTTOPNEY Patented Mar. 25, 1952 POWER-OPERATED RADIAL SAWING MACHINE Ervin J. Osterhus, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor, by mesne assignments, of 30/100 to Ralph R.

Roemer, 35/100 to Louise E. Roemer, /100 to William R. Kiefer, and 10/100 to J. Everette Tompkins, all of Cleveland, Ohio Application February 9, 1948, Serial No. 7,167

8 Claims.

This invention relates to machine tools of the class in which a motor driven saw or like tool is movable by hand over a work supporting table.

In Patents No. 1,956,835, May 1, 1934, and No. 2,343,243, May 1944, are illustratedand described machine tools of this class and the present invention may be considered as constituting improvements over the machine tools of those patents. Furthermore, subject matter illustrated or described herein but not claimed is being claimed in co-pending patent applications Serial No. 641,980, filed January 19, 1946 and Serial No. 715,442, filed December 11, 1946.

In general, in the machines of the above identified patents, there is an arm overhanging a work supporting table; a carriage is reciprocable on a trackway on the arm and supports a motor driven cutting tool, such as a circular wood saw, reciprocable with the carriage; the trackway is pivoted intermediate its ends, to swing to different adjustable directional positions, on a pivot axis on the arm, to position the line of cutting movement of the saw for cross cutting, rip cutting or miter cutting; the motor and the driven saw may be adjustably rocked to diiierent positions to adjustably position the sawfor bevel cutting; the arm and the saw carried thereby may be adjustably raised and lowered.

' The primary object of the present invention is to provide improvements in various constructional features of a machine of this class, to adapt it to heavier work and greater cutting capacity. The improvements include among others, means: to unlock, position, and lock the pivoted trackway; to support the arm by a stem reciprocable in a column and to automatically take up lost motion between the column and stem while permitting free elevating and lowering adjustments thereof, whereby eliminating the necessity of a lock therefor; to provide an improved horizontal- 1y adjustable work table and improved means to level it up to parallelism with the planes of movement of the cutting tool; to provide an improved scale mechanism for indicating at a convenient point on the front of the machine, the adjusted position of the work table; to provide at the front of the machine a readily accessible control panel and controls for adjustably raising the arm and adjustably moving the table; to provide an improved trunnion support upon which the motor and tool may be rocked and locked in adjusted positions.

f Other objects will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention appertains.

- 1 The invention is fully disclosed in the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a machine embodying my invention showing certain features on the front and on its left side;

Fig. 2 is an elevational view showing certain features on its right side;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view to enlarged scale of a part of Fig. 1 viewed in the general direction of the arrow 3 of Fig. 1 with parts broken away and parts in section; showing in section a part of the main base, and showing the arm elevating mechanism, and the automatic take-up for the column and stem;

Figs. 4 and 5 are sectional view to enlarged scale taken from the planes 4-4 and 5-5 respectively of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view to enlarged scale taken from the plane 6-6 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view to magnified scale from the plane 'l''l of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view to magnified scale from the plane 8-8 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view from the plane 9-9 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary elevational view from the plane I il-I 0 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 11 is a view to enlarged scale of a part of Fig. 2 with parts in section;

Fig. 12 (sheet 5) is a sectional view from the plane |2i2 of Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary front elevational view to enlarged scale taken in the direction of the arrow :3 of Fig. 2 with parts broken away and parts in section;

Fig. 14 is a sectional view from the plane l4-l 4 of Fig. 13

Fig. 15 is a sectional view from the plane |5| 5 of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a view from the plane Iii-l6 of Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a fragmentary side elevational view similar to a part of Fig. 2 but to larger scale and rotated through with respect to Fig. 2;

Fig. 18 is a View similar to Fig. 17 but with parts broken away and in section.

Fig. 19 is a view taken from the plane [9 of Figs. 2-3-13 showing the main base of the machine and some of the parts cooperating therewith;

Fig. 2G is a sectional view from the plane 20-20 of Fig. 13.

As shown in the perspective view Fig. 1 and elevatlonal view Fig. 2, the machine tool comprises in general a cast metal main base I.

3 mounted on the top of a sheet metal support 2 having the form of a cabinet; a column 3 mounted on the base I; a stem 4 reciprocable vertically in the column 3; a generally horizontal arm 5 on the stem 4; a trackway 5 adjustably pivotable intermediate its ends about an axis on the arm 5; a carriage 1 operatively reciprocable along the trackway E; hangers 8 and 9 on the carriage i,

supporting a motor ill; a saw ll driven by the downwardly open pan, identified in the several figures of the drawing by a pan bottom [5 and circumscribing depending side wall "5. It rests upon and is secured to the top of the cabinet support 2 in any suitable manner.

On the top of the base I at the rear end is a pad ll, Fig. 3. As shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 17, the column 3 has at its lower end a fiange it which rests upon the said pad, and bolts 19 are projected through the flange l8 and screwed into the said base pad to rigidly mount the column on the base. The column 3 is hollow or tubular as shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5.

The aforesaid stem :4 is hollow or tubular, Figs. 3,4, and 5, and exteriorly is circular in cross section, and the column 3 has a cylindrical bore 28 therein in which the stem has a slidingfit. The lower end of the tubular stem 4 is closed by a nut 2|, Fig. 3, secured thereon by a plurality of screws 22. An elevating screw with the nut and extends upwardly therethrough into the stem 5, and downwardly therefrom below the nut, and means now to be described is provided to turn the screw to cause it to react upon-the base i and raise or lower the stem 4 in the column 3, such means being shown best in Fig. 3.

At the lower end of the screw 23 is a reduced diameter screw stem 24 providing a shoulder 25 on the screw. The stem 24 extends through a bearing 28' in the pad ll of the base i, and a ball thrust bearing 2'! is provided between the shoulder 25 and the top ofthe pad ll. A bevel gear 28 is keyed to the stem 24, and a thrust ball bearing 29 is provided between the gear and the underside of the pad ll. A nut 38 threaded adjustably on the stem 24 below the gear 28 mounts the aforesaid parts in assembled relation on the base I, with lost motion in the thrust bearings 2! and 29 reduced to the optimum, and with the screw held against lateral displacement by the stem 24 in the bearing 25, but rotatable by the gear 28, and with the thrust bearings antifrictionally taking up the thrust of the screw 23 and transmitting it to the base I.

A bevel gear 3| is meshed with the bevel gear 28, keyed or pinned to a shaft 32 rotatably supported in a bearing 33, provided in a bracket 34 secured upon the underside of the base bottom l5.

The shaft 32 extends into a tubular sleeve 35 and is pinned thereto as at 35. The sleeve 35 is telescoped over a rotary shaft 37 and has a longitudinal slot 45 in one side, and a pin 38 in the end of the shaft 3! has longitudinal sliding fit in the slot.

The shaft 31 extends toward the front of the machine and its forward end 39, see Fig. 18, is

23 is meshed rotatively supported in a bearing 40 provided on a bracket 4 I. This bracket as will be described has forward and rearward movement when the work table I2 is adjusted, and the end portion 39 of the shaft 31 is anchored to it to move with it, by pins or like devices 42-42 projected through the shaft on the front and rear sides of the bracket. A predetermined length of the shaft end 39 thus always projects forwardly from the bracket 4i; and is provided with a transverse clutch pin 43 by which a crank 44 as shown in Fig. 1 may be connected to it to rotate it.

The sleeve 35 extends a suitable distance along the shaft 31. The inner ends of the sleeve 35 and shaft 31 telescoped together mutually support each other. The pin 38 in the slot 45 constitutes a driving feather connection by which rotation of the shaft 31 by hand as referred to rotates the gears 3i and 28 and the screw 23 for the purposes described in all forward and rearward positions of the bracket 6 l.

A clearance bore :26 may be provided in the side wall It of the base as shown in Fig. 18 for the shaft 31 to pass through.

In prior machines of this general class having an arm supporting stem that is adjustable vertically on a supporting column, a wedging key and keyway arrangement has been provided to establish accurately a rotated position for the stem on the column; and it has been found necessary to loosen the wedge-key to release the stem for vertical adjustment and then tighten or lock it again accurately to position the stem.

In the present machine, a key and keyway are provided but the necessity of locking and unlocking them and disadvantages thereof have been eliminated.

Referring to Figs. 3, 4, and 5, a longitudinally extending wedge form keyway 41 is provided in the cylindrical wall of the stem 4. Two cylindrical radial bores 48 and 49 are provided in the wall of the column 3, one above the other, the outer ends of the bores being threaded as at 50-50 to receive threaded cap-screws 5l-52, and both bores opening symmetrically into the wedge form keyway 41, the axes of the bores preferably intersecting the center line of the keyway, and being radial to the stem 4.

Keys 53-54 are provided in the respective bores 48-49. These keys are preferably alike and have cylindrical bodies 55-55 slidingly fitting in the bores 48-49. At their inner ends they have tongues 51-58 projecting into the keyway 41. The tongues 5'! and 58 have inclined fiat faces 59 and 68 which are each of the same angular inclination to the radius of the bore (48 or 49) as the inclination of the side walls BI and 62. The bodies 55-56 therefore can be rotated so that when projected inwardly, the inclined face 59 of the tongue 57 will intimately coincide with the wall Bl of the keyway, and the inclined face 60 of the tongue 58 will coincide with the opposite wall 62 of the keyway. Springs and 66 are provided between the cap screws 5 [-52 and the outer ends of the bodies 55-55 to yieldingly press the bodies 55-55 and tongues 51-58 inwardly as described.

The tongues 5l-58 are axially longer than the depth of the keyway "41 so that'there is always clearance (at 63-54) between the bodies and the stem 4.

One spring, say the upper spring 65 of Fig. 4. is stronger than the other spring 66, and forces the tongue 51 inwardly until it bottoms on the bottom of the keyway 41 as shown at 61. This 'deternnnes a rotative position for the stem 4, in

say the clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 4. Any force on the stem tending to rotate it clockwise beyond that position is transmitted to the tongue 51, thence through the body 55 to the cylindrical wall of the bore 48 which is on the column 3.

The other spring 66 forces the tongue 58 inwardly as far as it can go, engaging it with the wall 62 of the keyway as described; but the tongues 51 and 58 and their inclined faces 59 and 68 are so disposed on the bodies 5556 that when the tongue 5! is bottomed in the keyway as referred to, the tongue 58 cannot bottom but always has clearance as at 68. The stem therefore is held in the aforesaid determined position, any force tending to rotate it counter-clockwise being transmitted to the tongue 58, thence through the body 56 to the cylindrical wall of the bore 49.

Since the tongue 58 never bottoms, it always is resiliently pressed into the keyway and takes up all lost motion, at both sides of the keyway and at both cylindrical bores, and continues to do so as wear occurs.

The stem is thus rigidly locked against rotation in either direction, and at the same time the 'pressure at the keyway walls 6| and 62 is not so great but what the stem can be slid up and down in the column by the application of practically small force by the screw 23.

The arm 5 shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 6, is preferably an internally ribbed, downwardly open casting of any suitable design; and at its rearward end rests upon an externally projecting flange 69 on the top of the stem 4, and secured thereto by a plurality of screws 18, one of which is shown in Fig. 3, projected upwardly through the flange 69 and threaded into the arm 5. This rigidly joins the arm 5 to the stem 4 as a single unit, whereby the arm 5 may be raised and lowered by the screw 23.

The horizontal trackway 6 (upon which the motor supporting carriage I reciprocates) is supported under the forward end of the arm 5 to rotate on a vertical bearing axis and to be locked in any angular rotated position, see Figs. 1, 2, 6, and 9.

The trackway 6 comprises an elongated body II in the form of a casting, upon the upper side of which and at its middle is secured a circular disc 12 by screws I3 (Figures 6 and 9) projected downwardly through holes in the disc and threaded into the body 1 I'.

The disc I2 at its center has an upwardly extending tubular integral sleeve 11, the outer surface of which is cylindrical and has rotational bearing in a vertical downwardly open bore I8 in the arm 5.

The arm 5 at its forward end and on its underside has a generally horizontal flange 14 the underside of which is formed to have a horizontal annular face I5 thereon, coaxial with the bearing bore 18. By operable means to be described the trackway II is suspended from the arm 5 and can be rotated, the sleeve 'I'I rotating in the bore I8, and can be raised, the sleeve 11 moving axially in the bore I8, to clamp the upper face 16 of the disc against the said annular face to lock the two together to prevent rotation of the trackway.

Said operable means comprises a spindle I9 reciprocable in the tubular sleeve 11. At its lower end it projects through a clearance hole 88 at the center of the trackway body II and below it passes through a disc BI and therebeyond is threaded into a castellated nut 82 by which it can be adjusted along the threads andlocked when adjusted.

At its upper end, the spindle 79 projects beyond the sleeve 11 and into a recess 98 in the arm 5; and the spindle has a transverse cylindrical bearing bore 83 (see Figs. 6 and 7) therethrough, through which extends a cam shaft 84 having a cylindrical eccentric cam 85 thereon in the bore. The cam shaft 84 has bearing at one end at 86 in a recess 81 of the arm 5 axially beyond the bearing bore 83; and at the other end extends outwardly through and beyond. a bore 88 in the arm, and has bearing at 89 in the bore 88.

An operators handle 9| is pinned as at 92 to the cam shaft 84. End shifting of the cam shaft is prevented by a screw 93 projecting into a groove 94 in the shaft.

Upon turning the cam shaft 84 back and forth by means of the handle 9|, the cam 85 reacting on the wall of the bore 83 reciprocates the spindle 79.

When the handle 9| is rotated away from the observer as viewed in Figs. 1 and 6 or to the right as in Fig. 2, the cam 85 reacting on the bore 83 raises the spindle I9 and the nut 62 thereon raises the washer 8| and through it raises the trackway body 'II and disc 12 and frictionally engages the disc face 16 with the annular face 15 on the arm 5 and locks the trackway against rotation. By suitably adjusting the nut 82, the parts will come tight in the convenient position of the handle 9| illustrated.

Upon turning the handle 9| in the reverse direction, the spindle I9 is lowered, rel-easing the described frictional engagement lock. The

trackway may then be turned by hand to the desired angular position, being supported by the washer 8|, spindle i9, and cam shaft 84; and the disc 12 rotating with it. The spindle is held against rotation by the cam shaft 84 extending transversely through it.

To accurately indicate the rotated position of the trackway, a sheet metal band scale 95 is mounted on the periphery of the rotatable disc 12 and a scale indicating pointer 96 is mounted on the stationary flange l4. A

To conveniently set the trackway at the frequently used angularpositions, namely at cross cutting position; rip cutting at on either side of the cross cutting position; miter cutting at 30, 45, 60, on either side of cross cutting; indexing means is provided.

At one side of the arm 5, opposite the axis of the spindle 19 is a lateral arm extension 91 in which is housed above the disc 72, a vertically reciprooable indexing pin 98, comprising an elongated cylindrical body 99 reciprocable in a bore l88inasleevellll.

A stem I62 on the upper end of the pin terminates in a handle I83 to manually retract the pin, and a stationary pin I84 engages the underside of the handle to hold it retracted, and the handle has a hole I85 into which, upon rotating the handle, the pin I84 may project to allow the pin 98 to descend. The lower end I86 of the pin is wedge-shaped or conical.

A spring I88 is provided resiliently urging the pin 98 downwardly at all times.

In the upper surface of the disc 12 radial grooves I89-I99 are formed, see Fig. 9, correspending to the above indicated desired angular positions, and wedge shaped to correspond to the shape of the pin end I 88, and into which the pin end I86 may be projected by the spring I98.

The grooves I89-I89, four of which are shown on each side of the cross cut positioning groove IDSA, can be accurately spaced the correct angu.

lar distances apart by indexing devices on the milling orother machine used to cut them. the trackwa can be angularly and accurately adjusted. until the saw H is inposition to cut 90 cross. cuts. If the pin end I555 then accurate- 1y fits the groovev IEQA, the trackway can there: after accurately be set at all angles by the in dexing pin. To: thus bring the indexing pin into accurate fit. with the groove IGQA its reciprocatory axis is made laterally adjustable. To this end, the exterior surface of the sleeve i535 is .cy-. lindrical but eccentric with respect to the axis of the pin bore Hill in it; and is mounted ro-.

tatably .in a cylindrical bore IIE. B manually rotating the sleeve IGI the axis of the pines will be: shifted circumferentially of thedisc it to positionthe pin 98 to lit the groove IfiSA as aforesaid. The sleeve may then be locked in its adjusted position by a screw i i i. The radial shifting of the pin. 98 incidental to this adjustment does not detract from accuracy because the pin endwe will fit the grooves in the same way at all radial distances along the groove.

.The trackway E and the carriage that reciprocates along it, have mutually cooperating antifriction. bearings comprising round rod raceways M3 on the trackway 6, and H4 on the carriage "I. (Fig. 6) and balls. I it therebetween; and a loci: operable by rotation of a handle 1 it is provided to lock the carriage I in any reciprocated position; and slots i ll in the hangers ii and 9 (shown for the hanger 8 in Fig. 6) are provided to take lostmotion or excess clearance in'said ball bear ings; but these features not being a part of the present invention need. not be further described.

At the lower ends of the hangers a and 3 are trunnion bearing supports for the motor I which will now be described.

A bearing plate I I8 (Figure ll) is secured igidly upon the side of the motor housing He and has a cylindrical bearing bore 529 therein. A trunnion element I2! is provided comprising a central cylindrical body E22, an enlarged diam-- eter flange 23 at onev axial end, and a reduced diameter trunnion I24 at the other axial end, the latter projected into the bearing bore I20.

The lower end of the hanger 9 terminates in a ring I25 surrounding ance. The flange I23 overlaps the ring 525 and is secured thereto by screws its going through over-sized holes I2? in the flange and threaded into the ring I25.

The trunnion iZfi is thus mounted on the hanger and the motor has bea on the trunnion.

Adjustment is provided to adjust the special position of the motor axis for well known purposes in saws of this class, by adjusting the trunnion axis with respect to the hanger Q. A p1urality such as four screws l23 are threaded radially through the hanger ring 525 and engage the cylindrical body [22. By backing one or more out a turn or more and screwing another in, the body 522 may be shifted in any direction radially within the ring I25. The screws I23 may be locked in place by other screws I29 screwed in on top of them.

Before making this adjustment, the screws I23 may be toiporarily loosened to allow the flange 23 to slide on the ring I25, while the adjusting is going on, as will be understood.

as also shown in Fig. 11, and at the opposite Also, 4

the body I22 with clearhead t ll.

8. side of the motor It, a trunnion bearing plate I30 is secured upon the motor housing I I9; and rigidly mounted thereon by screws I3 I, see also Fig. 12, is an indexing plate I32 having a central trunnion bearing bore 533 axially aligned with the sociated with'the trunnion I24; the spring being in the form of a washer surrounding the trunnion I25 and disposed between the plate H8 and the body I22; and being dished out of a plane so as to react upon the body I22 and exert resilient thrust axially upon the plate I E8.

The trunnion element'liifi also comprises posts" HIZ-A i' upon which a U-shaped handle M3 is mounted by screws one of which is shown at Mt.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that the mofor it and the saw I I driven thereby supported by the carriage hangers 3-9, may be rocked to various angular positions on the hangers, on the axis of the trunnions Mil-42 i, for bevel cuts; andmeans is provided to lock them at said angles to indicate said angles.

The hanger 8, see Figs. 6, 11, and 12, has an interiorly threaded boss I45 thereon in which is adjustably screwed a stop element I46 having externally of the boss Hi5 a hex head Ml for adjustably turning it, and having a set screw I58 for engaging it to lock it against turning after adjustment.

A shaft I49 has rotary bearing in the stop element I56 and in an aligned bore I5E in the hanger 8. The shaft extends beyond the hanger 8, and is screwed into a head I5I having a portion !52 overlapping the disc I32 and adjacent to its periphery which prevents rotation of the head, and having a lip I53 extending inwardly radially of the disc I32 on the face thereof toward the plate I39.

The opposite end of the shaft M9 projects out of the stop element. I45 and has pinned thereto a handle I54 for turning the shaft; a face H55 on the handle confronting the said hex head I41.

Upon clockwise rotation of the shaft MS by the handle use, the shaft will be screwed into the head l5l,-the face I55 on the handle will engage the hex head I41, the head I5! will be propelled inwardly on the shaft I49, and the lip I53 will be drawn into engagement with the disc I32, and hold the plate 438 upon the end of the trunnion I50, thereby developing frictional gripping engagement between the lip I53 and the disc I32 locking the latter against rotation.

The handle I54 will come tight and rotation thereof will be stopped by frictional reaction engagement of the handle face I55 with the hex. Further friction may be provided by. engagement of the disc I32 with a circular pad iBZA on the hanger 8 opposite the lip I53.

To; cause the handle to then be in a convenient rotated position, for example that of Figs. 1, 2, 6, and il the stop element :53 can bev adjustably rotated in one direction or the other until the handle does come tight in the desired position.

. A band-scale I56, Figs. 11 and 12, fastened to the periphery of the'disc I32, and a scale pointer;

I51, Figs. 11 and 6, therefor fastened to the hanger 8, indicate angular positions of the disc I32. The motor I I] and saw II may thus be set at any angular position of the saw with respect to the work table for so-called bevel cutting.

To conveniently set the motor and saw at the more frequently used angular positions, namely the angles 90, 60, 45, 30, and indexing means is provided.

On the hanger 8, projecting forwardly therefrom, is an extension 91A, Figs. 1, 6, and in which is reciprocable an indexing pin 98A having a conical or wedge-form end III6A. The extension 91A is so located that the face I58 of the disc I 32 that confronts the hanger 8, overlaps the end I08A of the pin as indicated in Fig. 6; see also Fig. 10. That face I58 of the disc I32 is provided with wedge-form grooves I59-I59, Fig. 12, into which the end I 06A of the pin may be projected to lock the disc against rotation, the grooves being disposed to position the disc rotatively at said desired angular positions.

The construction of the pin 98A and its associated parts in the extension 91A, may all be identical with the parts in the extension 91 of Fig. 6, including the eccentric adjustment of the pin; and this is indicated by giving to the visible parts of Fig. 10 the same reference characters as in Fig. 6, but with the suffix A; to make unnecessary detailed description thereof.

As was the case with the grooves I09 in the disc 12 of Fig. 9, the grooves I59 in the disc I32 of Fig. 12 may be accurately spaced apart in the disc when cut. The motor I0 (and disc I32) may be rocked on the hangers 6--9 to position the saw I I at right angles to the work table I2 under it; and the pin 98A may be adjusted eccentrically (as described for the pin 98 of Fig. 6) to cause the pin end I06A to then accurately fit in the 90 groove I59A of the disc I32, Fig. 12. The pin 98A and grooves I59 will then index the disc I62 accurately at the other angles.

The work table I2 is preferably constructed from wood, and comprises a table top proper I69, in two parts I6I-I62, Figs. 1, 2, and 14, having a fence I63 removably secured therebetween in a well known manner by wedges, one of which is shown at I64, Fig. 1, and being fastened together by underside cleats I 65, Fig. 1, and one of which is shown broken off in Fig. 2. A rear fence I66 is also provided, secured permanently to the rear edge of the top part I62.

The table I2 is reciprocable forwardly and rearwardly, by a manually operable feed, to generally adjust it to the working zone of the saw II in various positions of the latter; but particularly to position the fences I63 and I66, respectively, desired distances from the saw II when set for narrow and wide rip cuts; and scales are provided to indicate the positions of the fences, respectively, from the saw to indicate the width of the rip out. These and other features of the work table will now be described in connection with Figs. 1, 2, 19, and 20.

Looking toward the front edge of the table, Fig. 13, there is shown at I61-I66 the forward ends of a pair of transversely spaced steel rails secured to the underside of a steel plate I69 by screws fill-I19. The transverse width of the plate I69 is indicated in Fig. 13 and its length (forward and rearward) in Figs. 14 and 20. The plate I69 is rectangular and together with the rails on its underside (which incidentally reinforce it) constitutes a secondary base as a unit.

The rails I61I68 are L-shaped transversely IT) as shown in Fig. 13, to provide laterally extending tongues I1I-I12; and to this end mayconveniently be made of two pieces held together by the screws I10. The tongues I1I-I12 slide in spaced longitudinal guideways I13'I14, having laterally open grooves I15--I16 therein best shown in Fig. 13 to slidingly receive the tongues.

The table proper I6II62 is mounted on the plate I69 and on the rails I61-I68 by screws I11I 11, see Fig. 20, the heads of the screws being seated in counter-bored holes I18 in the table, see also Fig. 1, whereby the table top can be detached and renewed without disturbing the unitary assembly of the plate I69 and rails I61I68. The engagement of the tongues I1I--I12 with the lower side of the grooves I15-I16 supports the weight of the table on the underside of the tongues for reciprocatory movement, and the engagement of the tongues with the upper sides of the grooves prevents the table from being lifted with respect to the guideways I13I14. It is for these reasons that the guideways grooves are made, as referred to, laterally open, and the tongues are made laterally projecting.

Guiding of the table to reciprocate accurately along a longitudinal directional line is provided for by a gib I19, Figs. 15, 18, and 19, secured to the underside of the plate I69 by screws I80 projected through the plate and screwed into the gib; and guided longitudinally in a longitudinal guideway I8I in the upper side of the base I.

The tongues I1II12 therefore need not accurately bottom in the grooves I15I16, which makes for economy in manufacture; and the grooves may be adjusted to fit with the top and bottom of the tongues for purposes referred to, by making the guides I13 and I 14 of upper, lower and intermediate pieces IB2-I83-I84 (see right hand side of Fig. 13) with a shim I65 between the pieces I83I84, the parts being held together in 1 a unitary guide by longitudinally spaced screws I 86, see Figs. 17 and 13.

It is desirable to be able to level up the table, or, adjustthe plane of its top to be parallel to the plane of movement of the saw. This is done by levelling up the guides I13--I14 relative to the base I as follows. I

Each of the guideways I13I14 rests upon the upper ends of two large diameter longitudinally spaced adjusting screws I81I81 and I88-'-I 88, screwed into the base I, Figs. 17, 18, 19, 20, and 13, and having hex heads as shown. Screws I89 are projected downwardly through the guides, and threaded axially into the screws I81I88 and hold the guideways tightly on the adjusting screws. By loosening a screw I89 the corresponding adjusting screw can be rotated by its hex head with a wrench to raise or lower the hex head to raise or lower that end of the guideway. When the screw I69 is again tightened, its looks the adjusting screw against turning, by clamping the guideway rigidly between the hex head and the head of the screw I89. The screws I89 preferably have hex heads for turning whereby they are operable from the side and under the table.

The table is reciprocable longitudinlly as referred to, as follows.

A propelling screw I96, Figs. 13, 14, and 18, extends longitudinally under the table, and at its forward end has rotary bearing at I9I in the aforesaid bracket 4!, being held against shifting axially by a pin I92 and a pinned washer I93 on the other side of the bracket; and having a pin I94 in itsforward end portion I95 whereby the cured to the base I (Figs. l4, l6, and 19).

11 handle 44 (see also Fig. 1) may be clutched to it for rotating it.

The rearwardly extending portion of the screw ISO is threaded as at I96; and as best shown in Figs. 16, 1'5, and 18 is threaded through a nut i9'l secured upon the forward part of the .base I; and to this end, the nut I91 has opposite wings I98-I98 (Figs. and 15) attached to the base by screws IQQ; whereby when the screw I9 is rotated the table is propelled.

It may be desirable for the screw to fit loosely in the nut I91, to allow for some rise and fall of the forward end of the screw as the table is adjustably raised and lowered to level it up as described. To take up endwise lost motion in the nut I9! that might result from this, a supplemental nut ZGII, Figs. 16 and 18, is threaded on the screw I96 spaced longitudinally from the nut I 9'! and an annular dished sheet metal spring 26! surrounds the screw between the nuts and reacts oppositely axially on them, thus taking up the lost motion. The nut is prevented from turning by extending upwardly as at 2G2, Fig. I5, into the guideway IEI on the base. The nut I91 is by this means also frictionally engaged with the screw I96 so as to hold the screw in adjusted rotated positions.

The table can be adjusted longitudinally in the above described manner to position the fences I63-I66 to bring work being positioned by the fences into a convenient position relative to the working zone of the reciprocable saw. Either of the fences I63 and IE6 may be used alone, (the rearward fence I66 after the forward fence 553 has been removed upon removing the wedges I64) When the fences are used for some operations, particularly for positioning the work for making rip-cuts parallel to the fences, it is desirable to accurately gage the distance between them and the saw blade and this is done by an indicating scale as follows.

A drum 203 (Figs. 13, 14, and 15) is rotatably mounted on the bracket 4! at the forward part of the table; and aligned therewith radially is a drum 204 (Fig. 14) rotatably supported by a bearing support 205 fastened by screws 266 to the plate I69. A pair of ribbons or tapes 20'! and 208 of flexible sheet metal, side by side are ..looped over the drums in the nature of belts on pulleys. At a point on the ribbons between the drums, they are longitudinally adjust-ably se- The securing means comprises a shaft 209 extending downwardly through a bore in the top of the base I, a head 2I0 on the upper end of the shaft, a washer 2| I between the head are and the base, a horizontal handle M2 on the head, a nut 2I3 threaded on the shaft 269 below the base and a lock washer M4 to lock it against rotation.

The ribbons 201-208 are-on opposite sides of v the shaft 299 and between the washer 2H and the base, and the washer 2H overlaps both ribbons. Upon turning the shaft 299 by the handle 2I2, the washer 2H will clamp the ribbons upon the base i and secure them against longitudinal shifting.

Each ribbon may be made of two pieces joined at their ends as at 225, Fig. 14, by any suitable readily detachable hook or the like fastener, and preferably their other ends are connected by a spring as at 2H5, which is stretched and maintains a suitable longitudinal tension in the ribbon.

From this description, it will be apparent that scribed carrying the drums 2032fl4 with it, the ribbons will run over the drums in the nature of a belt and belt pulleys. (This is rendered more readily apparent if it be considered that the table is at rest and the base i with the ribbons attached to it is the part that moves longitudinally, the relative motion being the same in both cases).

Each ribbon has a scale thereon as shown at El? and 258, Fig. 13, in that portion of the ribbon that loops over the forward drum 203, and visible from the front of the machine.

A stationary scale pointer to be described oooperates with the scales.

The scales are in inches and fractions of an inch, and are adjusted to indicate respectively the aforesaid positions of the respective fences, by putting the fence in contact with the saw blade, and then adjusting the corresponding ribbon longitudinally until its scale indicates zero.

This adjusting of the ribbon is effected by turning the handle M2 to relieve the clamping force of the washer 2 on the ribbon, and then adjustably sliding the ribbon along under the washer and over the drum, to the desired indicating position and then turning the handle 252 to again clamp and secure the ribbon.

Referring again to the bracket 4i, it is secured to the plate its on the underside of the table at the front thereof (Figs. 2, l3, l4, and 18) by screws 2H As described, it rotatably supports, and longitudinally anchors the screw I99 and shaft 3'! which have end portions thereof I and 39 projecting forwardly for engagement by a handle 54. The forward scale drum 2% is also as described mounted on the bracket. As shown in Fig. 13, these operative parts are all closely adjacent to each other on the bracket 4| and as shown best in Fig. 13 an ornamental cover is provided therefor, in the nature of a control panel 22s.

The panel 228 is secured to the bracket 2! by an ear 22E through which a screw 222 is projected and screwed into the bracket; and by a screw 223 passing through the front wall of the panel and screwed into the bracket ll (see Fig.14).

The panel 226, preferably a casting, has openings 224-425 coaxial with and larger than the said end portions 39 and I95 of the said shaft and screw, and the end portions do not protrude from the openings, and the openings are large enough to receive the clutch end of the handle 44 as indicated in Fig. 1; which adds to the appearance of the control panel.

The panel has a window 225 closed by a window-pane 22? of any suitable transparent plastic material, opposite the drum 283, through which it may be viewed. The lower side of the window is bevelled and the edge as at 228 may be used as the scale pointer or indicator referred to above. But I prefer to provide an index line or pointer line 225, Fig. l, on the window-pane as the scale pointer or indicator.

As customary with control panels, generally, legends may be provided on the control panel 229 to identify the table adjusting screw as at I95 and the column elevating shaft as at St; and to identify the ribbon scales 2M and 208 as indicating the position of the respective fences for ripcuts.

The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiment is therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

What is claimed and desired to be secured by United States Letters Patent is:

1. In a machine tool of the type comprising a main base and a tubular column rising from the base and a stem guided Ior vertical movement within the column to adjust the elevation of a tool supported by the column, and means to adjustably reciprocate the stem in the column; improved means for preventingrotation of the stem and for taking up lost motion between the stem and column comprising: a longitudinal keyway in the outer wall of the stem having a bottom wall and divergent inclined planar opposite side walls; a pair of keys reciprocable in bores extending through the column wall and having each an end portion projecting into the keyway,. one longitudinally spaced from the other; the key end portions having respectively inclined faces subwithin the column to adjust the elevation of a tool supported by the column, and means to ad- 14 tion; the inner end of the other key'resiliently held in engagement with the keyway bottom wall;

- and the other side wall of the keyway held in justably reciprocate the stem in the column; im-

proved means for preventing rotation of the stern and for taking up lost motion between the stem and column comprising: a longitudinal key- Way in the outer wall of the stem having divergent inclined planar opposite side walls; a pair of keys reciprooable in bores extending through the column wall and having each an end portion projecting into the keyway, one longitudinally spaced from the other; the key end portions having respectively inclined faces substantially co-planar with the opposite walls of the keyway; a pair of springs respectively holding the end portion faces in wedging engagement with the opposite walls of the keyway; the extreme inner end of one key being spring-held into engagement with the bottom of the keyway.

3. In combination with a tubular machine part having a cylindrical bore, and a load carrying cylindrical element guided therein for longi tudinal movement to different positions; means preventing rotation of the cylindrical element in the bore and for taking up lost motion between it and the tubular part comprising: a longitudinal keyway in the outer wall of the cylindrical element having opposite side Walls and a bottom wall; a pair of apertures in the tubular part wall opening into the keyway, one longitudinally spaced from the other; a pair of keys in the apertures reciprocably guided by aperture walls, and having inner end lateral portions projecting into the keyway, and respectively engaging the opposite walls of the keyway; resilient means yield ably holding the keys inwardly; the said engagf ing inner and lateral portion of one key, and one side wall of the keyway, being formed to convert the resilient inward holding force on the one key into torque on the cylindrical element in one rotary direction, and to prevent rotation of the cylindrical element in the other rotary direcengagement with the inner end lateral portion of the other key by said torque, and the engage-,- ment preventing rotation of the cylindrical element in the direction of the torque.

4. In a machine tool, a stationary part, and a rotary part adjustably rotatable thereon to a plurality of difierent positions; means to predetermine saidpositions relative to each other angularly, comprising a plurality of angularly spaced wedge form index grooves in the rotary part radial to its rotational axis; a pin support supported on said stationary part and having an eccentric through bore; and an index pin supported for longitudinal reciprocatory movement in said bore and having a tapering end portion reciprocable with the pin into and out of engagement with said grooves selectively and being adjustably movable on the stationary part transversely with respect to a pin engaged groove upon rotation of said pin support, to accurately adjust all of said positions of the rotary part relative to the stationary part.

5. In a machine tool, a motor driven tool support comprising a pair of spaced arms; a tool driving motor between the arms, adjustably rockingly supported thereon by spaced coaxial trunnion bearings; one trunnion bearing comprising: a first plate mounted on one side of the motor housing and having a first bearing bore therein, a first trunnion mounted on one arm and projecting into the first bearing bore; the other trunnion bearing comprising: a second plate mounted on the opposite side of the motor housing a, bearing element supported by the motor housing axially outwardly of the second plate and having a second bearing bore therein, a second trunnion mounted on the other arm, and proj ecting into the second bearing bore and abutting at its end on the second plate; the first trunnion floating axially in the first bearing bore; spring means reacting axially between the first trunnion and the first plate and yieldably holding the motor housing toward the other bearing and holding the second plate in said abutting engagement with the second trunnion end; and operable means to lock the bearing element to the second arm in all rocked positions of the motor around the axis of the trunnion bearings.

6. In a machine tool, a motor driven tool support comprising a pair of spaced arms; a tool driving motor between the arms, adjustably rockingly supported thereon by spaced coaxial trunnion bearings; one trunnion bearin comprising: a first plate mounted on one side of the motor housing and having a first bearing bore therein, a first trunnion mounted on one arm and projecting intothe first bearing bore and adjustably shiftable on the arm to adjust the first trunnion relative to the arm transversely of the trunnion axis; the other trunnion bearing comprising: a second plate mounted on the opposite side of the motor housing, a bearing element supported by the motor housing axially outwardly of the second plate and having a second bearing bore therein, a second trunnion mounted on the other arm, and projecting into the second bearing bore and abutting at its end on the second plate; the first trunnion floating axially in the first bearing bore; an annular shoulder on the first trunnion spaced axially from the first plate, an annular sheet metal spring surrounding the first trunnion between the shoulder and the first plate, and re- 15 acting thereon axially, and yieldably holding the motor housing toward the other bearing and holding the second plate in said abutting engagement with the second trunnion end; and operable means to lock the bearing element to the second arm in all rocked positions of the motor around the axis :of the trunnion bearings.

7. In a machine tool having a work support, an arm overhanging the work support, and a trackway adapted to reciprocably support tool carrying means: a pivot construction supporting said trackway on said arm for rotation about a vertical axis comprising; a pivot element having an annular surface confronting an annular surface on the lower side of said arm; means to support said element for rotation about said axis; means securing said trackway to said element for rotation therewith, means for selectively frictionally engaging said annular surfaces to lock said element against rotation about said axis, and

indexing means for determining the. angular position of said-element and said trackway with respect to said arm comprising, a plurality of angularly spaced radial index grooves on the upper side of said element, an index pin supported in a rotatably adjustable sleeve on the arm for manual reciprocation in a direction parallel to said axis, the pin having a lower end portion for selective engagement in said grooves, and the outer wall of said sleeve being eccentric to said pin whereby the pin may be laterally adjusted upon rotation of said sleeve.

8. In a machine tool having a work support,

an arm overhanging the work support, and a trackway adapted to reciprocably support tool carrying means; a pivot construction supporting said trackway on said arm for rotation about a vertical axis comprising; a pivot plate having an annular surface confronting an annular surface on the lower side of said arm; means to support said plate for rotation about said axis; means securing said track-way to said element for rotation therewith; indexing means for determining the angular position of said plate and said track- Way with respect to said arm comprising a plu- .16 rality of angularly spaced radial index grooves on the upper side of said plate; an index pin supported on said 'arm for manual reciprocation and rotation, said pin having a lower end portion for engagement in said grooves selectively; means in said arm to adjust said index pin relative to said arm in a direction transverse of a selected groove in which it is engaged; and means for frictionally engaging said annular surfaces to lock said element and said trackway in adjusted angular position with respect to said arm.

ERVIN J. OSTERHUS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 50,745 Sparrow Oct, 31, 1365 333,631 Holz et a1. Jan. 5, 1886 343,980 Brainard June 22, 1886 663,863 Clement Dec. 18, 1900 1,090,432 Vetter Mar. .17, 1914 1,418,655 Klemmer June 6, 1922 1,482,631 de Linieres Feb. 5, 1924 1,593,317 Thomes July 20, 1926 1,601,610 Carter Sept. 28, 1926 1,660,386 Klausmeyer Feb. 28, 1928 1,697,873 Lambert Jan. 8, 1929 1,738,763 De Walt Dec. 10, 1929 1,743,714 Jahn Jan. 14, 1930 1,748,446 Gatzsch Feb. 25,1930 1,774,243 Scofield Aug. 26, 1930 1,794,758 Dittmar Mar, '3, 1931 1,846,295 Wilderson Feb. 23, 1932 1,850,773 Rueger Mar. 22, 1932 1,956,835 Roemer May 1, 1934 2,326,416 Tracy Aug. 10, 1943 2,329,345 Gardner Sept. 14, 1943 2,332,888 Bostwick et al. Oct. 26, 1943 2,343,243 Roemer May 7, 1944 2,356,610 Penney Aug. 22, 1944 2,435,765 Anderson Feb. 10, 1948 2,471,014 Trebert May .24, 1949 

